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A brief description of the attributes is shown in Table 4-1. The XAUTH message types defined above carry various attributes. ISAKMP_CFG_ACK- This message is sent from the IPSec client, acknowledging receipt of the authentication result.ISAKMP_CFG_SET- This message is sent from the gateway and is used only to state the success or failure of the authentication.ISAKMP_CFG_REPLY- This message must contain the filled-in authentication attributes that were requested by the gateway or, if the proper authentication attributes cannot be retrieved, this message must contain the XAUTH_STATUS attribute with a value of FAIL.ISAKMP_CFG_REQUEST- This message is sent from the IPSec gateway to the IPSec client requesting extended authentication of the client.The four XAUTH message types are:ДЄ description of the XAUTH message types follows: These messages carry various attributes for the extended authentication process to work. The XAUTH protocol defines four message types that are exchanged between the remote user and the IPSec gateway. The XAUTH process is terminated, either when the gateway starts a SET/ACK exchange, which includes an XAUTH_STATUS attribute, or when the remote device sends a XAUTH_STATUS attribute in a REPLY message.

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Figure 4-1 shows an XAUTH exchange using a generic username and password authentication scheme.ДЇigure 4-1 Extended Authentication (XAUTH) ExchangeДЄs shown in Figure 4-1, XAUTH uses a Request/Reply mechanism to provide the extended authentication. It should be noted that XAUTH functions by first forming an IKE phase 1 SA using conventional IKE, and then by extending the IKE exchange to include additional user authentication exchanges.

XAUTH provides an additional level of authentication by allowing the IPSec gateway to request extended authentication from remote users, thus forcing remote users to respond with their credentials before being allowed access to the VPN. Extended Authentication, commonly referred to as XAUTH, was developed to leverage these legacy authentication schemes with IKE. But Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol, which you learned about in Chapter 2, 'IPSec Overview,' does not provide a method to leverage these unidirectional authentication schemes. It is highly desirable to leverage these authentication mechanisms for IPSec remote access. Extended Authentication (XAUTH) and Mode Configuration (MODE-CFG)ДЄuthentication schemes such as Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) and SecureID are commonly used for providing secure remote access. This chapter explores authentication and authorization models for the IPSec telecommuter. Given that telecommuters can be anywhere in the Internet, the successful completion of authorization and authentication is critical for granting access to the VPN. Telecommuting is increasingly becoming a part of everyday life, and IPSec connectivity is arguably the most popular connection method that telecommuters use to connect to a VPN across the public Internet. VPN in the 21st century, this is not a secret technology that hackers use to the detriment of, it is a necessary thing for every person who goes online and cares about security.For more information on Security, visit our Security Reference Guide or sign up for our Security Newsletter And there are many other places where you can write a book instead of an article. For example, you canвЂ™t register for Spotify from Russia, or even if you have a paid subscription to AmГ©dia, you wonвЂ™t be able to watch movies while youвЂ™re on vacation in Turkey or Egypt. Often people take a VPN to show sites (services) that they are supposedly from another country.

Since you вЂњgaveвЂќ your data to the intruder yourself.

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You came to the cafe and there works free wi-fi, but you do not know who is sitting next door in the same cafe, and what if it is an intruder who scans the network traffic (it is not so difficult)? You entered your VK or classmatesвЂ™ account via such wi-fi, and tomorrow this account has already spammed with your friends and family. Still a place of application, it is a free wi-fi network.

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VPN will help you in this, it will encrypt the traffic and the provider will not know that you download torrents and the speed will not decrease. This is easily noticed when you вЂњsurfвЂќ the Internet speed alone, but as soon as you put the file up for download, the speed drops dramatically.

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Most users use the VPN to hide IP and encrypt traffic, but letвЂ™s see how much benefit the VPN provides.В For example, the ISP blocks Torrent traffic (which is often found where). VPN is necessary for every Internet user who cares about security.